Technical Production Process

Our process uses controlled pyrolysis in modern steel kilns to achieve consistent quality and high yield. All operations are 100% mangrove-free, using plantation hardwood (Acacia, Eucalyptus, Gmelina). Annual capacity: 150,000 MT. Yield: 25–30%.

  1. Raw Material Sourcing & Preparation

    Wood sourced exclusively from 5,000+ ha managed plantations. Species: Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Gmelina arborea. Harvest cycle: 6–8 years. Logs cut to 1.0–1.5 m length, diameter 10–30 cm. Air-dried to 15–20% moisture content.

    Technical Parameters:
    • Bulk density (green): 800–950 kg/m³
    • Initial moisture: 40–50% (wet basis)
    • Drying time: 30–45 days natural air drying
    • Daily preparation capacity: 500 MT
  2. 2

    Kiln Loading & Carbonization

    Logs loaded into 12 horizontal steel retort kilns (capacity 150 m³ each). Slow pyrolysis process: heating rate 2–3°C/min to peak 550–600°C. Carbonization cycle: 5–7 days. Gas recirculation system recovers 60% of pyrolysis gases for fuel.

    Pyrolysis Parameters:
    • Peak temperature: 550–600°C
    • Residence time at peak: 24–36 hours
    • Heating rate: 2–3°C/min
    • Yield: 25–30% by weight (dry basis)
    • Energy recovery: 60% from off-gases
  3. 3

    Cooling & Discharge

    Controlled cooling under inert atmosphere for 48 hours to prevent spontaneous combustion. Temperature monitored to <40°C before discharge. Initial crushing separates large pieces from fines.

    Cooling Specs:
    • Cooling time: 48 hours
    • Final temperature: ≤40°C
    • Oxygen exclusion: sealed retort system
    • Initial moisture after cooling: ≤6%
  4. 4

    Grading & Quality Control

    Mechanical screening by size. Lab testing on every batch for key parameters. Only material meeting Grade A specs proceeds.

    Final Product Specifications (Grade A Lump):
    • Fixed carbon: ≥85%
    • Volatile matter: ≤10%
    • Ash content: ≤2.5%
    • Calorific value: 8,200–8,400 kcal/kg
    • Moisture: ≤5%
    • Size distribution: 80–150 mm (80% min)
  5. 5

    Briquetting (Optional)

    Fines (<20 mm) mixed with natural cassava starch binder (3–5%) and extruded into hex briquettes. Drying to ≤6% moisture. Capacity: 1,200 MT/month.

    Briquette Specs:
    • Dimensions: 50 mm hex, 100 mm length
    • Density: 1.0–1.2 g/cm³
    • Compressive strength: ≥100 kg/cm²
    • Calorific value: 7,800–8,000 kcal/kg
  6. 6

    Packaging & Storage

    Packed in ventilated PP bags (10–25 kg) or kraft paper (5–10 kg) with moisture barrier liner. Stored in covered warehouse (8,000 m² capacity) at Douala Port.
  7. 7

    Export & Documentation


    20/40ft containers loaded under supervision. Full documentation package: Certificate of Origin, Phytosanitary Certificate, Fumigation Certificate, Quality Analysis Report. Average loading time: 72 hours.